ᕕ( ᐛ )ᕗ Jimyag's Blog

从 0 启动 firecracker 虚拟机

下载 firecracker 和 kernel, rootfs

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mkdir -p ~/opt/firecracker && cd ~/opt/firecracker

wget https://github.com/firecracker-microvm/firecracker/releases/download/v1.14.0/firecracker-v1.14.0-x86_64.tgz

tar -xzf firecracker-v1.14.0-x86_64.tgz

wget "https://s3.amazonaws.com/spec.ccfc.min/firecracker-ci/v1.14/x86_64/vmlinux-5.10.245" -O vmlinux

wget "https://s3.amazonaws.com/spec.ccfc.min/firecracker-ci/v1.14/x86_64/ubuntu-24.04.squashfs" -O ubuntu.squashfs

squashfs 转 ext4

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sudo apt-get install squashfs-tools

sudo unsquashfs -d /tmp/rootfs ubuntu.squashfs

dd if=/dev/zero of=rootfs.ext4 bs=1M count=1024
mkfs.ext4 rootfs.ext4

sudo mkdir -p /mnt/rootfs
sudo mount rootfs.ext4 /mnt/rootfs
sudo cp -a /tmp/rootfs/* /mnt/rootfs/
sudo umount /mnt/rootfs

sudo rm -rf /tmp/rootfs

配置宿主机网络

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sudo ip tuntap add ftap0 mode tap
sudo ip addr add 172.16.0.1/24 dev ftap0
sudo ip link set ftap0 up

sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

# 配置 NAT 将虚拟机流量转发到宿主机
# eth0 替换为你的出口网卡名
IFNAME=eth0
sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o $IFNAME -j MASQUERADE
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i ftap0 -o $IFNAME -j ACCEPT

使用纯命令行启动

启动 firecracker

单独开一个终端执行

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cd ~/opt/firecracker/release-v1.14.0-x86_64
sudo rm -f /tmp/firecracker.socket
sudo ./firecracker-v1.14.0-x86_64 --api-sock /tmp/firecracker.socket

配置 firecracker

在另一个终端执行(工作目录为 ~/opt/firecracker):

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cd ~/opt/firecracker

# 1. 配置 kernel
sudo curl --unix-socket /tmp/firecracker.socket -i \
    -X PUT 'http://localhost/boot-source' \
    -H 'Accept: application/json' \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
    -d "{
        \"kernel_image_path\": \"$(pwd)/vmlinux\",
        \"boot_args\": \"console=ttyS0 reboot=k panic=1 pci=off\"
    }"

# 2. 配置 rootfs
sudo curl --unix-socket /tmp/firecracker.socket -i \
    -X PUT 'http://localhost/drives/rootfs' \
    -H 'Accept: application/json' \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
    -d "{
        \"drive_id\": \"rootfs\",
        \"path_on_host\": \"$(pwd)/rootfs.ext4\",
        \"is_root_device\": true,
        \"is_read_only\": false
    }"

# 3. 配置网络
sudo curl --unix-socket /tmp/firecracker.socket -i \
    -X PUT 'http://localhost/network-interfaces/eth0' \
    -H 'Accept: application/json' \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
    -d "{
        \"iface_id\": \"eth0\",
        \"guest_mac\": \"AA:FC:00:00:00:01\",
        \"host_dev_name\": \"ftap0\"
    }"

# 4. 配置 CPU/内存
sudo curl --unix-socket /tmp/firecracker.socket -i \
    -X PUT 'http://localhost/machine-config' \
    -H 'Accept: application/json' \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
    -d "{
        \"vcpu_count\": 2,
        \"mem_size_mib\": 1024
    }"

# 5. 启动 VM
sudo curl --unix-socket /tmp/firecracker.socket -i \
    -X PUT 'http://localhost/actions' \
    -H 'Accept: application/json' \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
    -d "{
        \"action_type\": \"InstanceStart\"
    }"

即可看到下面的日志,说明虚拟机启动成功

点击展开完整启动日志
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sudo ./firecracker-v1.14.0-x86_64 --api-sock /tmp/firecracker.socket                                                                                                                                       
2026-01-10T00:13:01.288687176 [anonymous-instance:main] Running Firecracker v1.14.0                                             
2026-01-10T00:13:01.288766187 [anonymous-instance:main] Listening on API socket ("/tmp/firecracker.socket").                    
2026-01-10T00:13:01.288926911 [anonymous-instance:fc_api] API server started.                                                   
2026-01-10T00:13:17.378996570 [anonymous-instance:fc_api] The API server received a Put request on "/boot-source" with body "{\n          \"kernel_image_path\": \"/home/jimyag/opt/firecracker/vmlinux\",\n          \"boot_args\": \"console=ttyS0 reboot=k pa
nic=1 pci=off\"\n      }".                                                                                                      
2026-01-10T00:13:17.379062983 [anonymous-instance:fc_api] The request was executed successfully. Status code: 204 No Content.   
2026-01-10T00:13:26.586882471 [anonymous-instance:fc_api] The API server received a Put request on "/drives/rootfs" with body "{\n          \"drive_id\": \"rootfs\",\n          \"path_on_host\": \"/home/jimyag/opt/firecracker/rootfs.ext4\",\n          \"is
_root_device\": true,\n          \"is_read_only\": false\n      }".                                                             
2026-01-10T00:13:26.586969164 [anonymous-instance:fc_api] The request was executed successfully. Status code: 204 No Content.   
2026-01-10T00:14:46.896458486 [anonymous-instance:fc_api] The API server received a Put request on "/network-interfaces/eth0" with body "{\n          \"iface_id\": \"eth0\",\n          \"guest_mac\": \"AA:FC:00:00:00:01\",\n          \"host_dev_name\": \"f
tap0\"\n      }".                                                                                                               
2026-01-10T00:14:46.896751257 [anonymous-instance:fc_api] The request was executed successfully. Status code: 204 No Content.   
2026-01-10T00:14:55.442272434 [anonymous-instance:fc_api] The API server received a Put request on "/machine-config" with body "{\n          \"vcpu_count\": 2,\n          \"mem_size_mib\": 1024\n      }".
2026-01-10T00:14:55.442336395 [anonymous-instance:fc_api] The request was executed successfully. Status code: 204 No Content.   
2026-01-10T00:15:02.280946172 [anonymous-instance:fc_api] The API server received a Put request on "/actions" with body "{\n          \"action_type\": \"InstanceStart\"\n      }".                                                                             
2026-01-10T00:15:02.288572636 [anonymous-instance:main] Artificially kick devices                                               
2026-01-10T00:15:02.288590016 [anonymous-instance:fc_vcpu 0] Received a VcpuEvent::Resume message with immediate_exit enabled. immediate_exit was disabled before proceeding
2026-01-10T00:15:02.288604153 [anonymous-instance:fc_vcpu 1] Received a VcpuEvent::Resume message with immediate_exit enabled. immediate_exit was disabled before proceeding
2026-01-10T00:15:02.288655403 [anonymous-instance:fc_api] The request was executed successfully. Status code: 204 No Content.   
[    0.000000] Linux version 5.10.245 (root@0e0250f7f2f2) (gcc (Ubuntu 11.4.0-1ubuntu1~22.04.2) 11.4.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.38) #1 SMP Tue Nov 18 09:17:32 UTC 2025
[    0.000000] Command line: console=ttyS0 reboot=k panic=1 pci=off pci=off root=/dev/vda rw virtio_mmio.device=4K@0xc0001000:6 virtio_mmio.device=4K@0xc0002000:7
[    0.000000] KASLR disabled                                                                                                   
[    0.000000] BIOS-provided physical RAM map:                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
[    0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009fbff] usable                                                    
[    0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009fc00-0x00000000000fffff] reserved                                                  
[    0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x000000003fffffff] usable                                                    
[    0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000eec00000-0x00000000febfffff] reserved                                                  
[    0.000000] NX (Execute Disable) protection: active                                                                          
[    0.000000] DMI not present or invalid.                                                                                      
[    0.000000] Hypervisor detected: KVM                                                                                         
[    0.000000] kvm-clock: Using msrs 4b564d01 and 4b564d00                                                                                                                                                                                                      
[    0.000000] kvm-clock: cpu 0, msr 24e7001, primary cpu clock                                                                 
[    0.000000] kvm-clock: using sched offset of 9766771 cycles                                                                  
[    0.000006] clocksource: kvm-clock: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x1cd42e4dffb, max_idle_ns: 881590591483 ns                                                                                                                                         
[    0.000018] tsc: Detected 2903.964 MHz processor                                                                             
[    0.000113] last_pfn = 0x40000 max_arch_pfn = 0x400000000                                                                                                                                                                                                    
[    0.000162] x86/PAT: Configuration [0-7]: WB  WC  UC- UC  WB  WP  UC- WT                                                     
[    0.000200] found SMP MP-table at [mem 0x0009fc00-0x0009fc0f]                                                                
[    0.000244] check: Scanning 1 areas for low memory corruption                                                                                                                                                                                                
[    0.000256] Using GB pages for direct mapping                                                                                
[    0.000348] ACPI: Early table checksum verification disabled                                                                 
[    0.000376] ACPI: RSDP 0x00000000000E0000 000024 (v02 FIRECK)                                                                
[    0.000382] ACPI: XSDT 0x00000000000A0203 00003C (v01 FIRECK FCMVXSDT 00000000 FCAT 20240119)                                
[    0.000392] ACPI: FACP 0x00000000000A006B 000114 (v06 FIRECK FCVMFADT 00000000 FCAT 20240119)               
[    0.000382] ACPI: XSDT 0x00000000000A0203 00003C (v01 FIRECK FCMVXSDT 00000000 FCAT 20240119)                                                                                                                                              00:15:02 [407/478]
[    0.000392] ACPI: FACP 0x00000000000A006B 000114 (v06 FIRECK FCVMFADT 00000000 FCAT 20240119)                                                                                                                                                                
[    0.000398] ACPI: DSDT 0x000000000009FD44 000327 (v02 FIRECK FCVMDSDT 00000000 FCAT 20240119)                                                                                                                                                                
[    0.000401] ACPI: APIC 0x00000000000A017F 000048 (v06 FIRECK FCVMMADT 00000000 FCAT 20240119)                                                                                                                                                                
[    0.000403] ACPI: MCFG 0x00000000000A01C7 00003C (v01 FIRECK FCMVMCFG 00000000 FCAT 20240119)                                
[    0.000406] ACPI: Reserving FACP table memory at [mem 0xa006b-0xa017e]                                                                                                                                                                                       
[    0.000407] ACPI: Reserving DSDT table memory at [mem 0x9fd44-0xa006a]                                                                                                                                                                                       
[    0.000407] ACPI: Reserving APIC table memory at [mem 0xa017f-0xa01c6]                                                                                                                                                                                       
[    0.000408] ACPI: Reserving MCFG table memory at [mem 0xa01c7-0xa0202]                                                                                                                                                                                       
[    0.000467] No NUMA configuration found                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
[    0.000468] Faking a node at [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000003fffffff]                                                                                                                                                                                     
[    0.000477] NODE_DATA(0) allocated [mem 0x3ffd6000-0x3fffffff]                                                               
[    0.000625] Zone ranges:                                                                                                     
[    0.000627]   DMA      [mem 0x0000000000001000-0x0000000000ffffff]                                                           
[    0.000629]   DMA32    [mem 0x0000000001000000-0x000000003fffffff]                                                                                                                                                                                           
[    0.000630]   Normal   empty                                                                                                 
[    0.000631]   Device   empty                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
[    0.000632] Movable zone start for each node                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
[    0.000633] Early memory node ranges                                                                                         
[    0.000634]   node   0: [mem 0x0000000000001000-0x000000000009efff]                                                          
[    0.000635]   node   0: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x000000003fffffff]                                                          
[    0.000638] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000000001000-0x000000003fffffff]                                                                                                                                                                                 
[    0.000656] On node 0, zone DMA: 1 pages in unavailable ranges                                                               
[    0.000820] On node 0, zone DMA: 97 pages in unavailable ranges                                                              
[    0.003272] IOAPIC[0]: apic_id 0, version 17, address 0xfec00000, GSI 0-23                                                   
[    0.003275] Using ACPI (MADT) for SMP configuration information                                                                                                                                                                                              
[    0.003278] TSC deadline timer available                                                                                     
[    0.003280] smpboot: Allowing 2 CPUs, 0 hotplug CPUs                                                                                                                                                                                                         
[    0.003294] kvm-guest: KVM setup pv remote TLB flush                                                                                                                                                                                                         
[    0.003300] kvm-guest: setup PV sched yield                                                                                  
[    0.003311] PM: hibernation: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x00000000-0x00000fff]                                           
[    0.003312] PM: hibernation: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x0009f000-0x000fffff]                                           
[    0.003314] [mem 0x40000000-0xeebfffff] available for PCI devices                                                                                                                                                                                            
[    0.003316] Booting paravirtualized kernel on KVM                                                                            
[    0.003319] clocksource: refined-jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645519600211568 ns          
[    0.003321] setup_percpu: NR_CPUS:64 nr_cpumask_bits:64 nr_cpu_ids:2 nr_node_ids:1                                                                                                                                                                           
[    0.004528] percpu: Embedded 46 pages/cpu s156184 r0 d32232 u1048576                                                         
[    0.004557] kvm-guest: KVM setup async PF for cpu 0                                                                          
[    0.004561] kvm-guest: stealtime: cpu 0, msr 3ec1af80                                                                                                                                                                                                        
[    0.004565] kvm-guest: PV spinlocks enabled                                                                                  
[    0.004570] PV qspinlock hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes, linear)                                              
[    0.004578] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: 257929                                                                                                                                                                                    
[    0.004579] Policy zone: DMA32                                                                                               
[    0.004580] Kernel command line: console=ttyS0 reboot=k panic=1 pci=off pci=off root=/dev/vda rw virtio_mmio.device=4K@0xc0001000:6 virtio_mmio.device=4K@0xc0002000:7                                                                                       
[    0.004686] Fallback order for Node 0: 0                                                                                     
[    0.005269] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes, linear)                                                                                                                                                                        
[    0.005581] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes, linear)                                                                                                                                                                           
[    0.005629] mem auto-init: stack:off, heap alloc:off, heap free:off                                                          
[    0.006693] Memory: 238836K/1048184K available (12292K kernel code, 1187K rwdata, 1944K rodata, 3628K init, 1204K bss, 41168K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)                       
[    0.007222] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=2, Nodes=1                                                                                                                                                                                       
[    0.007430] rcu: Hierarchical RCU implementation.                                                                            
[    0.007432] rcu:     RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=64 to nr_cpu_ids=2.                                                                                                                                                                                   
[    0.007433]  Tracing variant of Tasks RCU enabled.                                                                           
[    0.007435] rcu: RCU calculated value of scheduler-enlistment delay is 25 jiffies.                                           
[    0.007436] rcu: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=16, nr_cpu_ids=2                                                     
[    0.007442] NR_IRQS: 4352, nr_irqs: 424, preallocated irqs: 0                                                                
[    0.007514] random: crng init done                                                                                           
[    0.007576] Console: colour dummy device 80x25                                                                               
[    0.079419] printk: console [ttyS0] enabled                                                                                  
[    0.079951] ACPI: Core revision 20200925                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
[    0.080464] APIC: Switch to symmetric I/O mode setup                                                                         
[    0.081198] x2apic enabled                                                                                                   
[    0.081690] Switched APIC routing to physical x2apic.                                                                                                                                                                                                        
[    0.082283] kvm-guest: setup PV IPIs                                                                                         
[    0.082740] clocksource: tsc-early: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x29dbe3ac58d, max_idle_ns: 440795279358 ns                                                                                                                                         
[    0.083968] Calibrating delay loop (skipped) preset value.. 5807.92 BogoMIPS (lpj=11615856)                                  
[    0.085015] x86/cpu: User Mode Instruction Prevention (UMIP) activated                                                       
[    0.085809] Last level iTLB entries: 4KB 64, 2MB 8, 4MB 8                                                                                                                                                                                                    
[    0.086449] Last level dTLB entries: 4KB 64, 2MB 32, 4MB 32, 1GB 4                                                           
[    0.087189] Spectre V1 : Mitigation: usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization                                
[    0.087966] Spectre V2 : Mitigation: Enhanced / Automatic IBRS                                                               
[    0.087966] Spectre V2 : Spectre v2 / SpectreRSB mitigation: Filling RSB on context switch                                   
[    0.087966] Spectre V2 : Spectre v2 / PBRSB-eIBRS: Retire a single CALL on VMEXIT                                      
[    0.087966] Spectre V2 : Spectre v2 / SpectreRSB mitigation: Filling RSB on context switch                                                                                                                                                 00:15:02 [336/478]
[    0.087966] Spectre V2 : Spectre v2 / PBRSB-eIBRS: Retire a single CALL on VMEXIT                                                                                                                                                                            
[    0.087966] RETBleed: Mitigation: Enhanced IBRS                                                                                                                                                                                                              
[    0.087966] Spectre V2 : mitigation: Enabling conditional Indirect Branch Prediction Barrier                                                                                                                                                                 
[    0.087966] Speculative Store Bypass: Mitigation: Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl and seccomp                    
[    0.087966] MMIO Stale Data: Mitigation: Clear CPU buffers                                                                                                                                                                                                   
[    0.087966] SRBDS: Unknown: Dependent on hypervisor status                                                                                                                                                                                                   
[    0.087966] active return thunk: its_return_thunk                                                                                                                                                                                                            
[    0.087966] ITS: Mitigation: Aligned branch/return thunks                                                                                                                                                                                                    
[    0.087966] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x001: 'x87 floating point registers'                                                                                                                                                                          
[    0.087966] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x002: 'SSE registers'                                                                                                                                                                                         
[    0.087966] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x004: 'AVX registers'                                                         
[    0.087966] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x008: 'MPX bounds registers'                                                  
[    0.087966] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x010: 'MPX CSR'                                                               
[    0.087966] x86/fpu: xstate_offset[2]:  576, xstate_sizes[2]:  256                                                                                                                                                                                           
[    0.087966] x86/fpu: xstate_offset[3]:  832, xstate_sizes[3]:   64                                                           
[    0.087966] x86/fpu: xstate_offset[4]:  896, xstate_sizes[4]:   64                                                                                                                                                                                           
[    0.087966] x86/fpu: Enabled xstate features 0x1f, context size is 960 bytes, using 'compacted' format.                                                                                                                                                      
[    0.087966] Freeing SMP alternatives memory: 36K                                                                             
[    0.087966] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301                                                                             
[    0.087966] LSM: Security Framework initializing                                                                             
[    0.087966] SELinux:  Initializing.                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
[    0.087966] Mount-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear)                                             
[    0.087966] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear)                                        
[    0.087966] smpboot: CPU0: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Processor @ 2.90GHz (family: 0x6, model: 0xa5, stepping: 0x3)                    
[    0.087966] Performance Events: unsupported p6 CPU model 165 no PMU driver, software events only.                                                                                                                                                            
[    0.087966] rcu: Hierarchical SRCU implementation.                                                                           
[    0.087966] NMI watchdog: Perf NMI watchdog permanently disabled                                                                                                                                                                                             
[    0.087966] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...                                                                                                                                                                                                              
[    0.088112] x86: Booting SMP configuration:                                                                                  
2026-01-10T00:15:02.418400451 [anonymous-instance:fc_vcpu 0] vcpu: IO write @ 0x70:0x1 failed: bus_error: MissingAddressRange   
2026-01-10T00:15:02.418414934 [anonymous-instance:fc_vcpu 0] vcpu: IO write @ 0x71:0x1 failed: bus_error: MissingAddressRange   
[    0.088614] .... node  #0, CPUs:      #1                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
2026-01-10T00:15:02.419109564 [anonymous-instance:fc_vcpu 0] vcpu: IO write @ 0x70:0x1 failed: bus_error: MissingAddressRange   
2026-01-10T00:15:02.419119922 [anonymous-instance:fc_vcpu 0] vcpu: IO write @ 0x71:0x1 failed: bus_error: MissingAddressRange   
[    0.080474] kvm-clock: cpu 1, msr 24e7041, secondary cpu clock                                                                                                                                                                                               
[    0.089352] kvm-guest: KVM setup async PF for cpu 1                                                                          
[    0.089352] kvm-guest: stealtime: cpu 1, msr 3ed1af80                                                                        
[    0.089851] smp: Brought up 1 node, 2 CPUs                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
[    0.089851] smpboot: Max logical packages: 1                                                                                 
[    0.091971] smpboot: Total of 2 processors activated (11615.85 BogoMIPS)                                                     
[    0.097108] node 0 deferred pages initialised in 4ms                                                                                                                                                                                                         
[    0.097739] devtmpfs: initialized                                                                                            
[    0.097739] x86/mm: Memory block size: 128MB                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
[    0.097739] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645041785100000 ns                  
[    0.097739] futex hash table entries: 512 (order: 3, 32768 bytes, linear)                                                                                                                                                                                    
[    0.100110] NET: Registered protocol family 16                                                                                                                                                                                                               
[    0.100688] audit: initializing netlink subsys (disabled)                                                                    
[    0.101329] audit: type=2000 audit(1767975302.314:1): state=initialized audit_enabled=0 res=1                                                                                                                                                                
[    0.101329] thermal_sys: Registered thermal governor 'fair_share'                                                                                                                                                                                            
[    0.101329] thermal_sys: Registered thermal governor 'step_wise'                                                             
[    0.103971] thermal_sys: Registered thermal governor 'user_space'                                                                                                                                                                                            
[    0.104826] cpuidle: using governor ladder                                                                                   
[    0.106044] cpuidle: using governor menu                                                                                     
[    0.106594] ACPI: bus type PCI registered                                                                                    
[    0.107099] PCI: Fatal: No config space access function found                                                                
[    0.111838] HugeTLB registered 1.00 GiB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages                                                     
[    0.111974] HugeTLB registered 2.00 MiB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages                                                     
[    0.119616] ACPI: Added _OSI(Module Device)                                                                                  
[    0.119974] ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Device)                                                                                                                                                                                                               
[    0.120511] ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Aggregator Device)                                                                    
[    0.121150] ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-Dell-Video)                                                                               
[    0.121688] ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-Lenovo-NV-HDMI-Audio)                                                                                                                                                                                                     
[    0.122320] ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-HPI-Hybrid-Graphics)                                                                      
[    0.122999] ACPI: 1 ACPI AML tables successfully acquired and loaded                                                                                                                                                                                         
[    0.123843] ACPI: Interpreter enabled                                                                                        
[    0.123994] ACPI: (supports S0)                                                                                              
[    0.124373] ACPI: Using IOAPIC for interrupt routing                                                                                                                                                                                                         
[    0.124988] PCI: Using host bridge windows from ACPI; if necessary, use "pci=nocrs" and report a bug                         
[    0.126685] vgaarb: loaded                                                                                                   
[    0.126685] SCSI subsystem initialized                                                                                       
[    0.126685] pps_core: LinuxPPS API ver. 1 registered                                                                         
[    0.127968] pps_core: Software ver. 5.3.6 - Copyright 2005-2007 Rodolfo Giometti <[email protected]>         
[    0.126685] pps_core: LinuxPPS API ver. 1 registered                                                                                                                                                                                       00:15:02 [265/478]
[    0.127968] pps_core: Software ver. 5.3.6 - Copyright 2005-2007 Rodolfo Giometti <[email protected]>                                                                                                                                                         
[    0.128087] PTP clock support registered                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
[    0.128087] NetLabel: Initializing                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
[    0.128087] NetLabel:  domain hash size = 128                                                                                
[    0.128087] NetLabel:  protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4 CALIPSO                                                                                                                                                                                                 
[    0.128087] NetLabel:  unlabeled traffic allowed by default                                                                                                                                                                                                  
[    0.132068] PCI: Using ACPI for IRQ routing                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
[    0.132470] PCI: System does not support PCI                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
[    0.133070] clocksource: Switched to clocksource kvm-clock                                                                                                                                                                                                   
[    0.133070] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.6.0                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
[    0.133202] VFS: Dquot-cache hash table entries: 512 (order 0, 4096 bytes)                                                   
[    0.134060] pnp: PnP ACPI init                                                                                               
[    0.134536] pnp: PnP ACPI: found 5 devices                                                                                   
[    0.135941] NET: Registered protocol family 2                                                                                                                                                                                                                
[    0.136671] IP idents hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes, linear)                                             
[    0.138006] tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 512 (order: 1, 8192 bytes, linear)                                                                                                                                                                  
[    0.139017] TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes, linear)                                                                                                                                                                         
[    0.139951] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 5, 131072 bytes, linear)                                               
[    0.140901] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192)                                                         
[    0.141763] MPTCP token hash table entries: 1024 (order: 2, 24576 bytes, linear)                                             
[    0.142648] UDP hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear)                                                                                                                                                                                      
[    0.143436] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear)                                                 
[    0.144300] NET: Registered protocol family 1                                                                                
[    0.144929] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.                                                              
[    0.145852] RPC: Registered udp transport module.                                                                                                                                                                                                            
[    0.146588] RPC: Registered tcp transport module.                                                                            
[    0.147328] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.                                                                                                                                                                                        
[    0.148325] NET: Registered protocol family 44                                                                                                                                                                                                               
[    0.149028] PCI: CLS 0 bytes, default 64                                                                                     
[    0.149730] virtio-mmio: Registering device virtio-mmio.0 at 0xc0001000-0xc0001fff, IRQ 6.                                   
[    0.151022] virtio-mmio: Registering device virtio-mmio.1 at 0xc0002000-0xc0002fff, IRQ 7.                                   
[    0.152315] RAPL PMU: API unit is 2^-32 Joules, 0 fixed counters, 10737418240 ms ovfl timer                                                                                                                                                                  
[    0.153607] clocksource: tsc: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x29dbe3ac58d, max_idle_ns: 440795279358 ns               
[    0.155184] clocksource: Switched to clocksource tsc                                                                         
[    0.155969] platform rtc_cmos: registered platform RTC device (no PNP device found)                                                                                                                                                                          
2026-01-10T00:15:02.490067880 [anonymous-instance:fc_vcpu 1] vcpu: IO read @ 0x87:0x1 failed: bus_error: MissingAddressRange    
[    0.157293] check: Scanning for low memory corruption every 60 seconds                                                       
[    0.158828] Initialise system trusted keyrings                                                                                                                                                                                                               
[    0.159370] Key type blacklist registered                                                                                    
[    0.159888] workingset: timestamp_bits=36 max_order=18 bucket_order=0                                                        
[    0.161381] zbud: loaded                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
[    0.161878] squashfs: version 4.0 (2009/01/31) Phillip Lougher                                                               
[    0.162675] NFS: Registering the id_resolver key type                                                                                                                                                                                                        
[    0.163283] Key type id_resolver registered                                                                                  
[    0.163789] Key type id_legacy registered                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
[    0.164287] nfs4filelayout_init: NFSv4 File Layout Driver Registering...                                                                                                                                                                                     
[    0.165138] SGI XFS with ACLs, security attributes, quota, no debug enabled                                                  
[    0.166346] Key type asymmetric registered                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
[    0.166854] Asymmetric key parser 'x509' registered                                                                                                                                                                                                          
[    0.167443] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 248)                                             
[    0.168354] io scheduler mq-deadline registered                                                                                                                                                                                                              
[    0.168912] io scheduler kyber registered                                                                                    
[    0.169414] io scheduler bfq registered                                                                                      
[    0.170235] virtio-mmio virtio-mmio.0: can't request region for resource [mem 0xc0001000-0xc0001fff]                         
[    0.171409] virtio-mmio: probe of virtio-mmio.0 failed with error -16                                                        
[    0.172274] virtio-mmio virtio-mmio.1: can't request region for resource [mem 0xc0002000-0xc0002fff]                         
[    0.173402] virtio-mmio: probe of virtio-mmio.1 failed with error -16                                                        
[    0.174241] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 1 ports, IRQ sharing disabled                                                         
[    0.175168] 00:00: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 27, base_baud = 115200) is a 16550A                                                                                                                                                                             
[    0.308524] loop: module loaded                                                                                              
[    0.309218] virtio_blk virtio0: [vda] 2097152 512-byte logical blocks (1.07 GB/1.00 GiB)                                     
[    0.310216] vda: detected capacity change from 0 to 1073741824                                                                                                                                                                                               
[    0.324648] Loading iSCSI transport class v2.0-870.                                                                          
[    0.325340] iscsi: registered transport (tcp)                                                                                                                                                                                                                
[    0.326424] i8042: PNP: PS/2 Controller [PNP0303:PS2] at 0x60,0x64 irq 29                                                    
[    0.327258] i8042: PNP: PS/2 appears to have AUX port disabled, if this is incorrect please boot with i8042.nopnp            
[    0.328666] serio: i8042 KBD port at 0x60,0x64 irq 29                                                                                                                                                                                                        
[    0.329413] vmclock AMZNC10C:00: vmclock0: registered miscdev                                                                
[    0.330105] intel_pstate: CPU model not supported                                                                            
[    0.330709] hid: raw HID events driver (C) Jiri Kosina                                                                       
[    0.331562] Initializing XFRM netlink socket                                                                                 
[    0.332170] NET: Registered protocol family 10                                                                                   
[    0.331562] Initializing XFRM netlink socket                                                                                                                                                                                               00:15:03 [194/478]
[    0.332170] NET: Registered protocol family 10                                                                                                                                                                                                               
[    0.333149] Segment Routing with IPv6                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
[    0.334720] bpfilter: Loaded bpfilter_umh pid 617                                                                                                                                                                                                            
[    0.335314] NET: Registered protocol family 17                                                                               
[    0.335872] Bridge firewalling registered                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
[    0.336387] Key type dns_resolver registered                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
[    0.337008] NET: Registered protocol family 40                                                                                                                                                                                                               
[    0.337587] IPI shorthand broadcast: enabled                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
[    0.338174] sched_clock: Marking stable (260498941, 76474453)->(379050311, -42076917)                                                                                                                                                                        
[    0.339251] registered taskstats version 1                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
[    0.340895] Loading compiled-in X.509 certificates                                                                           
[    0.341616] zswap: loaded using pool lzo/zbud                                                                                
[    0.342289] Key type .fscrypt registered                                                                                     
[    0.342788] Key type fscrypt-provisioning registered                                                                                                                                                                                                         
[    0.343549] Key type encrypted registered                                                                                    
[    0.344102] clk: Disabling unused clocks                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
[    0.849010] input: AT Raw Set 2 keyboard as /devices/platform/i8042/serio0/input/input0                                                                                                                                                                      
[    0.850920] EXT4-fs (vda): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)                                           
[    0.851838] VFS: Mounted root (ext4 filesystem) on device 254:0.                                                             
[    0.852759] devtmpfs: mounted                                                                                                
[    0.853666] Freeing unused kernel image (initmem) memory: 3628K                                                                                                                                                                                              
[    0.868571] Write protecting the kernel read-only data: 16384k                                                               
[    0.870304] Freeing unused kernel image (text/rodata gap) memory: 2040K                                                      
[    0.871324] Freeing unused kernel image (rodata/data gap) memory: 104K                                                       
[    0.872235] Run /sbin/init as init process                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
SELinux:  Could not open policy file <= /etc/selinux/targeted/policy/policy.33:  No such file or directory                      
libbpf: failed to find valid kernel BTF                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
libbpf: Error loading vmlinux BTF: -3                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
libbpf: failed to load object 'iterators_bpf'                                                                                   
libbpf: failed to load BPF skeleton 'iterators_bpf': -3                                                                         
Failed load could be due to wrong endianness                                                                                    
[    0.892368] systemd[1]: systemd 255.4-1ubuntu8.11 running in system mode (+PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +APPARMOR +IMA +SMACK +SECCOMP +GCRYPT -GNUTLS +OPENSSL +ACL +BLKID +CURL +ELFUTILS +FIDO2 +IDN2 -IDN +IPTC +KMOD +LIBCRYPTSETUP +LIBFDISK +PCRE2 -PWQUALITY +
P11KIT +QRENCODE +TPM2 +BZIP2 +LZ4 +XZ +ZLIB +ZSTD -BPF_FRAMEWORK -XKBCOMMON +UTMP +SYSVINIT default-hierarchy=unified)         
[    0.896883] systemd[1]: Detected virtualization kvm.                                                                         
[    0.897598] systemd[1]: Detected architecture x86-64.                                                                                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
Welcome to Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS!                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
[    0.899438] systemd[1]: Hostname set to <ubuntu-fc-uvm>.                                                                     
[    0.960687] systemd[1]: Queued start job for default target graphical.target.                                                
[    0.962318] systemd[1]: Created slice system-getty.slice - Slice /system/getty.                                                                                                                                                                              
[  OK  ] Created slice system-getty.slice - Slice /system/getty.                                                                
[    0.964255] systemd[1]: Created slice system-modprobe.slice - Slice /system/modprobe.                                                                                                                                                                        
[  OK  ] Created slice system-modprobe.slice - Slice /system/modprobe.                                                          
[    0.966283] systemd[1]: Created slice system-serial\x2dgetty.slice - Slice /system/serial-getty.                                                                                                                                                             
[  OK  ] Created slice system-serial\x2dget…slice - Slice /system/serial-getty.                                                                                                                                                                                 
[    0.968445] systemd[1]: Created slice user.slice - User and Session Slice.                                                   
[  OK  ] Created slice user.slice - User and Session Slice.                                                                                                                                                                                                     
[    0.970161] systemd[1]: Started systemd-ask-password-console.path - Dispatch Password Requests to Console Directory Watch.                                                                                                                                   
[  OK  ] Started systemd-ask-password-conso…equests to Console Directory Watch.                                                 
[    0.972450] systemd[1]: Started systemd-ask-password-wall.path - Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch.                                                                                                                                          
[  OK  ] Started systemd-ask-password-wall.…d Requests to Wall Directory Watch.                                                 
[    0.975013] systemd[1]: Set up automount proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.automount - Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System Automount Point.
[  OK  ] Set up automount proc-sys-fs-binfm…ormats File System Automount Point.                                                 
[    0.978078] systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-ttyS0.device - /dev/ttyS0...                                                    
         Expecting device dev-ttyS0.device - /dev/ttyS0...                                                                      
[    0.979681] systemd[1]: Reached target cryptsetup.target - Local Encrypted Volumes.                                          
[  OK  ] Reached target cryptsetup.target - Local Encrypted Volumes.                                                            
[    0.981684] systemd[1]: Reached target integritysetup.target - Local Integrity Protected Volumes.                                                                                                                                                            
[  OK  ] Reached target integritysetup.targ… Local Integrity Protected Volumes.                                                 
[    0.983923] systemd[1]: Reached target paths.target - Path Units.                                                            
[  OK  ] Reached target paths.target - Path Units.                                                                                                                                                                                                              
[    0.985505] systemd[1]: Reached target remote-fs.target - Remote File Systems.                                               
[  OK  ] Reached target remote-fs.target - Remote File Systems.                                                                                                                                                                                                 
[    0.987336] systemd[1]: Reached target slices.target - Slice Units.                                                          
[  OK  ] Reached target slices.target - Slice Units.                                                                            
[    0.988734] systemd[1]: Reached target swap.target - Swaps.                                                                                                                                                                                                  
[  OK  ] Reached target swap.target - Swaps.                                                                                    
[    0.989988] systemd[1]: Reached target veritysetup.target - Local Verity Protected Volumes.                                  
[  OK  ] Reached target veritysetup.target - Local Verity Protected Volumes.                                                    
[    0.991870] systemd[1]: Listening on systemd-initctl.socket - initctl Compatibility Named Pipe.                              
[  OK  ] Listening on systemd-initctl.socke…- initctl Compatibility Named Pipe.                                                   
[    0.991870] systemd[1]: Listening on systemd-initctl.socket - initctl Compatibility Named Pipe.                                                                                                                                            00:15:03 [123/478]
[  OK  ] Listening on systemd-initctl.socke…- initctl Compatibility Named Pipe.                                                                                                                                                                                 
[    0.993853] systemd[1]: Listening on systemd-journald-dev-log.socket - Journal Socket (/dev/log).                                                                                                                                                            
[  OK  ] Listening on systemd-journald-dev-…socket - Journal Socket (/dev/log).                                                                                                                                                                                 
[    0.996034] systemd[1]: Listening on systemd-journald.socket - Journal Socket.                                               
[  OK  ] Listening on systemd-journald.socket - Journal Socket.                                                                                                                                                                                                 
[    0.998040] systemd[1]: systemd-pcrextend.socket - TPM2 PCR Extension (Varlink) was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionSecurity=measured-uki).                                                                                            
[    1.000542] systemd[1]: Listening on systemd-udevd-control.socket - udev Control Socket.                                                                                                                                                                     
[  OK  ] Listening on systemd-udevd-control.socket - udev Control Socket.                                                                                                                                                                                       
[    1.002891] systemd[1]: Listening on systemd-udevd-kernel.socket - udev Kernel Socket.                                                                                                                                                                       
[  OK  ] Listening on systemd-udevd-kernel.socket - udev Kernel Socket.                                                                                                                                                                                         
[    1.005783] systemd[1]: Mounting dev-hugepages.mount - Huge Pages File System...                                             
         Mounting dev-hugepages.mount - Huge Pages File System...                                                               
[    1.008170] systemd[1]: Mounting dev-mqueue.mount - POSIX Message Queue File System...                                       
         Mounting dev-mqueue.mount - POSIX Message Queue File System...                                                                                                                                                                                         
[    1.012124] systemd[1]: Mounting sys-kernel-debug.mount - Kernel Debug File System...                                        
         Mountin[    1.013523] systemd[1]: sys-kernel-tracing.mount - Kernel Trace File System was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionPathExists=/sys/kernel/tracing).                                                                       
g sys-kernel-debug.mount - Kernel Debug File System...                                                                                                                                                                                                          
[    1.018731] systemd[1]: Mounting tmp.mount - Temporary Directory /tmp...                                                     
         Mounting tmp.mount - Temporary Directory /tmp...                                                                       
[    1.021841] systemd[1]: Mounting var-lib-systemd.mount - /var/lib/systemd...                                                 
         Mounting var-lib-systemd.mount - /var/lib/systemd...                                                                                                                                                                                                   
[    1.024652] systemd[1]: Starting systemd-journald.service - Journal Service...                                               
         Starting systemd-journald.service - Journal Service...                                                                 
[    1.026257] systemd[1]: kmod-static-nodes.service - Create List of Static Device Nodes was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionFileNotEmpty=/lib/modules/5.10.245/modules.devname).
[    1.028882] systemd[1]: Starting [email protected] - Load Kernel Module configfs...                                                                                                                                                                  
         Starting [email protected] - Load Kernel Module configfs...                                                    
[    1.039112] systemd-journald[651]: Collecting audit messages is disabled.                                                                                                                                                                                    
[    1.040578] systemd[1]: Starting modprobe@dm_mod.service - Load Kernel Module dm_mod...                                                                                                                                                                      
         Starting modprobe@dm_mod.service - Load Kernel Module dm_mod...                                                        
[    1.043143] systemd[1]: Starting [email protected] - Load Kernel Module drm...                                            
         Starting [email protected] - Load Kernel Module drm...                                                              
[    1.047949] systemd[1]: Starting modprobe@efi_pstore.service - Load Kernel Module efi_pstore...                                                                                                                                                              
         Starting modprobe@efi_pstore.servi… - Load Kernel Module efi_pstore...                                                 
[    1.050697] systemd[1]: Starting [email protected] - Load Kernel Module fuse...                                          
         Starting [email protected] - Load Kernel Module fuse...                                                                                                                                                                                            
[    1.053177] systemd[1]: Starting [email protected] - Load Kernel Module loop...                                          
         Starting [email protected] - Load Kernel Module loop...                                                            
[    1.056791] systemd[1]: Starting systemd-modules-load.service - Load Kernel Modules...                                                                                                                                                                       
         Starting systemd-modules-load.service - Load Kernel Modules...                                                         
[    1.058576] systemd[1]: systemd-pcrmachine.service - TPM2 PCR Machine ID Measurement was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionSecurity=measured-uki).
[    1.062171] systemd[1]: Starting systemd-remount-fs.service - Remount Root and Kernel File Systems...                                                                                                                                                        
         Starting systemd-remount-fs.servic…unt Root and Kernel File Systems...                                                 
[    1.066252] systemd[1]: Starting systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev-early.service - Create Static Device Nodes in /dev gracefully...                                                                                                                                 
         Starting systemd-tmpfiles-setup-de… Device Nodes in /dev gracefully...                                                 
[    1.069033] systemd[1]: systemd-tpm2-setup-early.service - TPM2 SRK Setup (Early) was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionSecurity=measured-uki).                                                                                          
[    1.071714] systemd[1]: Starting systemd-udev-trigger.service - Coldplug All udev Devices...                                                                                                                                                                 
         Starting systemd-udev-trigger.service - Coldplug All udev Devices...                                                   
[    1.074629] systemd[1]: Started systemd-journald.service - Journal Service.                                                                                                                                                                                  
[  OK  ] Started systemd-journald.service - Journal Service.                                                                                                                                                                                                    
[  OK  ] Mounted dev-hugepages.mount - Huge Pages File System.                                                                  
[  OK  ] Mounted dev-mqueue.mount - POSIX Message Queue File System.                                                                                                                                                                                            
[  OK  ] Mounted sys-kernel-debug.mount - Kernel Debug File System.                                                             
[  OK  ] Mounted tmp.mount - Temporary Directory /tmp.                                                                                                                                                                                                          
[  OK  ] Mounted var-lib-systemd.mount - /var/lib/systemd.                                                                      
[  OK  ] Finished [email protected] - Load Kernel Module configfs.                                                      
[  OK  ] Finished modprobe@dm_mod.service - Load Kernel Module dm_mod.                                                          
[  OK  ] Finished [email protected] - Load Kernel Module drm.                                                                
[  OK  ] Finished modprobe@efi_pstore.service - Load Kernel Module efi_pstore.                                                  
[  OK  ] Finished [email protected] - Load Kernel Module fuse.                                                                                                                                                                                              
[  OK  ] Finished [email protected] - Load Kernel Module loop.                                                              
[  OK  ] Finished systemd-modules-load.service - Load Kernel Modules.                                                           
[  OK  ] Finished systemd-remount-fs.servic…mount Root and Kernel File Systems.                                                                                                                                                                                 
[  OK  ] Finished systemd-tmpfiles-setup-de…ic Device Nodes in /dev gracefully.                                                 
         Starting systemd-journal-flush.ser…sh Journal to Persistent Storage...                                                                                                                                                                                 
[    1.108608] systemd-journald[651]: Received client request to flush runtime journal.                                         
         Starting systemd-random-seed.service - Load/Save OS Random Seed...                                                     
         Starting systemd-sysctl.service - Apply Kernel Variables...                                                                                                                                                                                            
         Starting systemd-sysusers.service - Create System Users...                                                             
[  OK  ] Finished systemd-udev-trigger.service - Coldplug All udev Devices.                                                     
[  OK  ] Finished systemd-journal-flush.ser…lush Journal to Persistent Storage.                                                 
[  OK  ] Finished systemd-random-seed.service - Load/Save OS Random Seed.                                                       
[  OK  ] Finished systemd-sysctl.service - Apply Kernel Variables.                                                                            
[  OK  ] Finished systemd-random-seed.service - Load/Save OS Random Seed.                                                                                                                                                                      00:15:35 [52/478]
[  OK  ] Finished systemd-sysctl.service - Apply Kernel Variables.                                                                                                                                                                                              
[  OK  ] Finished systemd-sysusers.service - Create System Users.                                                                                                                                                                                               
         Starting systemd-tmpfiles-setup-de…eate Static Device Nodes in /dev...                                                                                                                                                                                 
[  OK  ] Finished systemd-tmpfiles-setup-de…Create Static Device Nodes in /dev.                                                 
[  OK  ] Reached target local-fs-pre.target…Preparation for Local File Systems.                                                                                                                                                                                 
[  OK  ] Reached target local-fs.target - Local File Systems.                                                                                                                                                                                                   
[  OK  ] Listening on systemd-sysext.socket…tension Image Management (Varlink).                                                                                                                                                                                 
         Starting ldconfig.service - Rebuild Dynamic Linker Cache...                                                                                                                                                                                            
         Starting systemd-binfmt.service - Set Up Additional Binary Formats...                                                                                                                                                                                  
         Starting systemd-tmpfiles-setup.se…e Volatile Files and Directories...                                                                                                                                                                                 
         Starting systemd-udevd.service - R…ager for Device Events and Files...                                                 
[  OK  ] Finished systemd-tmpfiles-setup.se…ate Volatile Files and Directories.                                                 
         Starting systemd-journal-catalog-u…ervice - Rebuild Journal Catalog...                                                 
         Starting systemd-update-utmp.servi…ord System Boot/Shutdown in UTMP...                                                                                                                                                                                 
         Mounting proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.m…cutable File Formats File System...                                                 
[  OK  ] Finished ldconfig.service - Rebuild Dynamic Linker Cache.                                                                                                                                                                                              
[  OK  ] Finished systemd-journal-catalog-u….service - Rebuild Journal Catalog.                                                                                                                                                                                 
[  OK  ] Mounted proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mo…xecutable File Formats File System.                                                 
[  OK  ] Finished systemd-binfmt.service - Set Up Additional Binary Formats.                                                    
         Starting systemd-update-done.service - Update is Completed...                                                          
[  OK  ] Finished systemd-update-utmp.servi…ecord System Boot/Shutdown in UTMP.                                                                                                                                                                                 
[  OK  ] Started systemd-udevd.service - Ru…anager for Device Events and Files.                                                 
[  OK  ] Found device dev-ttyS0.device - /dev/ttyS0.                                                                            
[  OK  ] Finished systemd-update-done.service - Update is Completed.                                                                                                                                                                                            
[  OK  ] Reached target sysinit.target - System Initialization.                                                                                                                                                                                                 
[  OK  ] Started systemd-tmpfiles-clean.tim…y Cleanup of Temporary Directories.                                                 
[  OK  ] Reached target timers.target - Timer Units.                                                                                                                                                                                                            
[  OK  ] Listening on ssh.socket - OpenBSD Secure Shell server socket.                                                                                                                                                                                          
[  OK  ] Reached target sockets.target - Socket Units.                                                                          
[  OK  ] Reached target basic.target - Basic System.                                                                            
         Starting fcnet.service...                                                                                              
         Starting getty-static.service - ge…bus and logind are not available...                                                                                                                                                                                 
         Starting systemd-user-sessions.service - Permit User Sessions...                                                       
[  OK  ] Finished systemd-user-sessions.service - Permit User Sessions.                                                         
[  OK  ] Finished getty-static.service - ge… dbus and logind are not available.                                                                                                                                                                                 
[  OK  ] Started [email protected] - Getty on tty1.                                                                            
[  OK  ] Started [email protected] - Getty on tty2.                                                                            
[  OK  ] Started [email protected] - Getty on tty3.                                                                                                                                                                                                            
[  OK  ] Started [email protected] - Getty on tty4.                                                                            
[  OK  ] Started [email protected] - Getty on tty5.                                                                                                                                                                                                            
[  OK  ] Started [email protected] - Getty on tty6.                                                                                                                                                                                                            
[  OK  ] Started [email protected] - Serial Getty on ttyS0.                                                            
[  OK  ] Reached target getty.target - Login Prompts.                                                                                                                                                                                                           
[  OK  ] Reached target multi-user.target - Multi-User System.                                                                  
[  OK  ] Reached target graphical.target - Graphical Interface.                                                                                                                                                                                                 
         Starting systemd-update-utmp-runle…- Record Runlevel Change in UTMP...                                                                                                                                                                                 
[  OK  ] Finished systemd-update-utmp-runle…e - Record Runlevel Change in UTMP.                                                 
[  OK  ] Finished fcnet.service.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS ubuntu-fc-uvm ttyS0                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
ubuntu-fc-uvm login: root (automatic login)                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
Welcome to Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS (GNU/Linux 5.10.245 x86_64)                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
 * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com                                                                                      
 * Management:     https://landscape.canonical.com                                                                              
 * Support:        https://ubuntu.com/pro                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
This system has been minimized by removing packages and content that are                                                        
not required on a system that users do not log into.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
To restore this content, you can run the 'unminimize' command.                                                                  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
The programs included with the Ubuntu system are free software;                                                                 
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the                                                              
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Ubuntu comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by                                                            
applicable law.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                ubuntu-fc-uvm login: root (automatic login)                                                                                                                                                                                                              [0/478]
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
Welcome to Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS (GNU/Linux 5.10.245 x86_64)                                                                                                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
 * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com                                                                                      
 * Management:     https://landscape.canonical.com                                                                                                                                                                                                              
 * Support:        https://ubuntu.com/pro                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
This system has been minimized by removing packages and content that are                                                                                                                                                                                        
not required on a system that users do not log into.                                                                                                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
To restore this content, you can run the 'unminimize' command.                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
The programs included with the Ubuntu system are free software;                                                                 
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the                                                                                                                                                                                              
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
Ubuntu comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by                                                                                                                                                                                            
applicable law.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
root@ubuntu-fc-uvm:~#                                                                                                           
root@ubuntu-fc-uvm:~#                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
root@ubuntu-fc-uvm:~# ls                                                                                                        
root@ubuntu-fc-uvm:~# cat /etc/os-release                                                                                       
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
NAME="Ubuntu"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
VERSION_ID="24.04"                                                                                                              
VERSION="24.04.3 LTS (Noble Numbat)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
VERSION_CODENAME=noble                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
ID=ubuntu                                                                                                                       
ID_LIKE=debian                                                                                                                  
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"                                                                                              
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"                                                                             
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"                                             
UBUNTU_CODENAME=noble                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
LOGO=ubuntu-logo                                                           

Guest 内网络配置

在 Guest 内执行

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# 配置 IP
ip addr add 172.16.0.2/24 dev eth0

# 配置网关
ip route add default via 172.16.0.1

# 配置 DNS
echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" > /etc/resolv.conf

# 验证
ping baidu.com

清理

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# 在 vm 内执行
sudo poweroff

# 在宿主机上删除 tap 设备
sudo ip link del ftap0

# 清理 iptables 规则
# 在宿主机上清理 iptables 规则
IFNAME=eth0
sudo iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o $IFNAME -j MASQUERADE
sudo iptables -D FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -D FORWARD -i ftap0 -o $IFNAME -j ACCEPT

使用配置文件启动

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mkdir -p ~/opt/firecracker/vm && cat > ~/opt/firecracker/vm/config.json << 'EOF'
{
  "boot-source": {
      "kernel_image_path": "~/opt/firecracker/vmlinux",
      "boot_args": "console=ttyS0 reboot=t panic=1 pci=off"
    },
    "drives": [{
      "drive_id": "rootfs",
      "path_on_host": "~/opt/firecracker/rootfs.ext4",
      "is_root_device": true,
      "is_read_only": false
    }],
    "network-interfaces": [{
      "iface_id": "eth0",
      "host_dev_name": "ftap0",
      "guest_mac": "AA:FC:00:00:00:01"
    }],
    "machine-config": {
      "vcpu_count": 2,
      "mem_size_mib": 1024
    }
}
EOF

sudo ~/opt/firecracker/release-v1.14.0-x86_64/firecracker-v1.14.0-x86_64 --id vm-1 --boot-timer --no-api --config-file ~/opt/firecracker/vm/config.json

#Firecracker